Working Ninja
2018-07-27T22:01:09
SQLAlchemy Relationship Using Primary Join

Let's say we want to query our Polls app for all Questions that have popular (more than 5 votes) choices that contain Python in the choice_text.

We could query our database as follows:

SELECT * FROM question JOIN (SELECT * FROM choice WHERE vote_count > 5 AND choice_text LIKE '%Python%') choice ON question.id = choice.question_id;

Or, it can be codified in a potentially more comprehendable, OOP/ORM format with SQLAlchemy.

First, we set up our schema by declaring the relationship and the parameters of the join:

class Question(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'question'

    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)

    popular_choices = relationship('Choice', primaryjoin='and_(Question.id == Choice.question_id, Choice.vote_count > 5')

Next, we query with SQLAlchemy's ORM:

popular_python_choices = session.query(Question) \
    .filter(Question.popular_choices.contains('Python') \
    .all()

Not quite as terse as straight SQL but hopefully it is clear how, after the schema is set up, calling Question.popular_choices.contains('Python') provides increased readability (reads like English) and reusability (replace our filter Python with whatever you wish!).

SQLAlchemy provides another good example.